Analysis Placement of Passive Power Filter in Distribution System

Abstract

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The increasing use of non-linear loads such as Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) in industrial power systems has led to significant harmonic distortion, which degrades power quality, reduces equipment efficiency, and may violate harmonic standards. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Passive Power Filters (PPFs), consisting of a Single-Tuned Passive Filter (STPF) and a High-Pass Filter (HPF), in mitigating harmonic distortion in an electrical distribution system. The research was conducted using ETAP software through Harmonic Load Flow Analysis and Harmonic Spectrum Analysis to identify harmonic sources, determine optimal filter placement, and assess system performance before and after filter installation. The simulation results showed that the highest Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) before filtering occurred at bus SS-05C with a value of 16.03%, followed by SS-PV-B and SS-05A with THD levels of 11.69% and 11.24%, respectively, exceeding the 5% limit specified in IEEE Std 519-2014. Following the implementation of the STPF and HPF, the THD at SS-05C decreased to 0.73%, representing a reduction of 95.45%, while the THD at SS-05A decreased to 3.26% and the THD at SS-PV-B decreased to 4.81%. The results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid passive filtering scheme effectively suppresses harmonic distortion, improves power quality, and enables all analyzed buses to comply with IEEE Std 519-2014 harmonic requirements.